SINTER METALS TOUR
Sinter Metals manufactures automotive, computer, lawn and
garden and many more components using powder metallurgy. They
make a lot of different size gears, which range from about 1"
in diameter, to 10". They pride themselves in using powder
metallurgy to make parts that other powder metallurgy manufacturers
will not attempt to produce. In other words, they are very confident
in their manufacturing capabilities.
The presses that Sinter Metals uses range from 50 to 1000
ton in size. The larger the part, the greater amount of force
that is required to manufacture the part. Our tour gave me a
better understanding of powder metallurgy. It was good to be
able to see a press producing parts up and close. A feeder mechanism
fills the die cavity with powder, and then wipes the top of the
cavity, so that the powder is level with the top surface. The
punch is then driven into the die by the press, and the part is
formed by the compressed metal powder. I was amazed that the
parts did not just fall apart, because it looked as though it
took only a little effort to compress the powder. Although the
parts are still very brittle at this stage, they easily stay together.
The sintering process involves heating the parts to a temperature
that is just below the melting point of the metal. This temperature
is enough to bond the material more permanently, and therefore
it greatly strengthens the part. Sinter Metals uses long conveyor
type ovens, which sinters the parts.
One especially interesting aspect of the sintering as we
were able to see, is that metals such as nickel and copper can
be impregnated into the powder formed steel during the sintering
process. In the oven, the nickel or copper will melt, which allows
them to flow into the steel. These added metals can improve the
wear of the parts which are being manufactured. When we are talking
about gears, this wear resistant property is critical. Therefore,
it can be easily be understood that powder metallurgy is a very
good way to make gears. The powder can easily be formed into
a complex shape, and then additional metals can be impregnated
into the gear which enhance it's properties.